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Class-12-English-Question-Paper-2078-Board-Exam-PDF
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NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS BOARD [NEB]
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the question
1. Read the following text and complete the tasks that follow. 15
Today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle, called a Parisienne, was invented in Germany in 1818 by Baron Karl de Drais de Sauerbrun. Because it was made of wood, the Parisienne wasn't very durable nor did it have pedals. Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground. In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. Macmillan's machine had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down. He also used foot-operated cranks, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn't look much like the modern bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially large than its front wheel. Although Macmillan's bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers. In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with an improved crank mechanism. They called their bicycle a velocipede, but most people called it a "boneshaker" because of the jarring effect of the wood and iron frame. Despite the unflattering nickname, Velocipede was a hit. After a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.
Ten years later, James Starley, an English inventor, made severe innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. He made Le front were many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient, and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumped, extremely top-heavy, and ridden mostly for entertainment. It wasn't until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scenè. Invented by another
Englishman, H.J.Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today's cyclists. The safety bicycle had equal-sized hock, which made it much less prone to toppling over Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the rear wheel. By 1993, the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. With the improvements provided by Lawson, bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
A. Look at the highlighted words in the text. Complete the following sentences using them. Two of them are not necessary. 5x1-5
a. The invention of bicycle revolutionized travel.
b. The invention of the bicycle changed the way of life.
c. The fields next to the school are always used for recreation .
d. Unfortunately, her movements were rather
e. The old stone steps had been worn down by years of use
B. Read the text again and write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information given in the text. FALSE if the statement contradicts the information given in the text. NOT GIVEN if there is no information in the text. 5x1=5
a. The pedaled bicycle was first invented in Germany. False
b. Macmillan's bicycle resembled today's bicycle. False
c. The alternation of velocipedes made the life of people much easier. Not Given
d. The changes made by British inventors altered the wheels to make pedaling more efficient. True
e. Chain-driven bicycles were first made in France. False
C. Answer the following questions. 5x1=5
a. How did the riders move 'draisiene' ?
Ans:- Riders moved the Draisienne bicycle by pushing their feet against the ground.
b. What improvements were made to the bicycle invented in 1839?
Ans:- The bicycle invented by Kirkpatrick Macmillan in 1839 had foot-operated cranks similar to pedals, which made it possible to ride the bicycle at a quick pace. The bicycle also had tires with iron rims to keep them from getting worn down.
c. Why do you think Macmillan used iron rims in his machine?
Ans:- Macmillan likely used iron rims in his bicycle to increase the durability of the tires and prevent them from wearing down quickly.
d. What can be assumed from the text?
Ans:- The text describes the evolution of the bicycle from its early iterations made of wood and lacking pedals to the modern safety bicycle, which had equal-sized wheels, a diamond-shaped frame, and air-filled rubber tires. The text also highlights some of the key inventors and innovations that contributed to the development of the modern bicycle. Finally, the text notes that bicycles are now widely used and enjoyed all over the world.
2. Write short answers to the following questions based on the textbook. 5x2-10
a) What does 'fractured dialogue' mean in the story? (Neighbors)
Ans:- In the story "Neighbors," 'fractured dialogue' refers to the disjointed and awkward conversation between two neighbors who have become strangers to each other over time.
b) What is your opinion is the moral of the story "The Treasure in the forest"?
Ans:- The moral of the story "The Treasure in the Forest" is that material possessions can bring temporary happiness, but true happiness comes from the things that cannot be bought, such as friendship and love.
c) Explain the following lines with reference to the context: (I Was My Own Route)
At each advancing step on my route forward my back was ripped by the desperate flapping wings of the old guard.
Ans:- In "I Was My Own Route," the speaker is describing the physical sensation of walking through a swarm of insects. The line "At each advancing step on my route forward my back was ripped by the desperate flapping wings of the old guard" suggests that the insects are attacking the speaker's back as they try to escape the swarm.
d) In what way is marriage an institution? Explain. (Marriage as a Social Institution)
Ans:- Marriage is an institution in that it is a socially recognized and sanctioned union between two individuals. It is governed by a set of rules and expectations, such as fidelity and mutual support, that are enforced by social norms and legal institutions.
e) What are the universal human abilities? (Humility)
Ans:- According to the text on "Humility," the universal human abilities are the ability to reason, to feel emotions, to communicate with others, and to engage in creative activities. These abilities are shared by all humans, regardless of culture, language, or individual differences.
3. Write long answers to the following questions. 2x5-10
a) How can you say that 'Facing Death' is a modern tragedy? (Facing Death)
Ans:- 'Facing Death' is a modern tragedy for several reasons. The play presents the tragedy of life's futility, the anguish of loneliness, and the finality of death. It depicts the meaningless and emptiness of life and highlights the tragic condition of human existence. It portrays how the characters struggle to cope with the harsh realities of life, such as illness, death, and loss. The play does not offer any solution to the tragic situation but merely presents it as an inevitable part of life. The characters in the play are portrayed as victims of their circumstances, helpless in the face of their fate, and unable to find any meaning or purpose in life. The play's modernity is also reflected in its style, which breaks away from traditional dramatic conventions and presents a fragmented narrative structure. The characters speak in an elliptical and enigmatic language that reflects the sense of isolation and despair that permeates the play. Thus, 'Facing Death' can be considered a modern tragedy because it presents the tragic condition of human existence in a fragmented and elliptical style, without offering any solution to the problems it portrays.
b) Gabriel Gracia Marquez illustrates the themes of abuse and cruelty in the Story 'An Old Man with Enormous Wings. Do you agree or disagree with This statement? Give your opinion with reference to the context. (An Old Man with Enormous Wings)
Ans:- Gabriel Garcia Marquez's story 'An Old Man with Enormous Wings' can be interpreted as a commentary on the theme of abuse and cruelty. The story depicts the arrival of an old man with wings in a small village, who is initially perceived as an angel by the villagers. However, as time passes, the old man is subjected to cruelty and abuse by the villagers, who view him as a freak of nature. They lock him up in a chicken coop and subject him to ridicule, torture, and neglect. The villagers' cruel treatment of the old man highlights the theme of abuse and cruelty, as they fail to see him as a human being and instead view him as an object of curiosity and entertainment. Marquez's story is a commentary on the cruelty and indifference of human nature, which leads to the abuse of those who are different or vulnerable. The story's moral lesson is that humans should treat others with compassion and respect, regardless of their appearance or status. Therefore, I agree that Marquez illustrates the themes of abuse and cruelty in the story 'An Old Man with Enormous Wings.'
4. 'Social Media can have both positive and negative effects. Write your views On social media in about 150 words. 7
Social media has become an integral part of our lives in today's world. It has revolutionized the way people communicate and interact with each other. Social media has the potential to bring people together, share ideas, and promote social causes. It has helped businesses to reach out to a larger audience and has provided a platform for people to express their opinions freely.
However, social media also has a darker side. It can be a breeding ground for online harassment, hate speech, and cyberbullying. It can also lead to addiction and a lack of privacy. Moreover, the information shared on social media can be inaccurate and misleading.
Therefore, it is important to use social media with caution and responsibility. People should be mindful of their online behavior and the information they share. We should promote positivity and kindness on social media and stand up against hate speech and cyberbullying. Social media platforms should also take responsibility for the content shared on their platforms and take measures to ensure a safe and secure online environment. Overall, social media can have both positive and negative effects, and it is up to us to make the most of it while being responsible and mindful.
5. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily newspaper on environmental pollution in about 180 words. 7
Dear Editor,
I am writing to draw your attention to the growing issue of environmental pollution, which has become a major concern in our country. Environmental pollution is a serious problem that affects not only the environment but also human health. We have been witnessing an increase in the level of pollution in our surroundings, especially in our cities, due to various reasons such as industrialization, urbanization, and the use of non-renewable energy sources.
The impact of pollution is not only affecting the environment but also causing many health issues such as respiratory problems, cancer, and other serious illnesses. The situation has become worse due to the lack of awareness and the careless attitude of people towards the environment. We need to take immediate action to address this problem before it is too late.
I urge the government and concerned authorities to take necessary steps to control the level of pollution. We need to adopt eco-friendly practices and promote the use of renewable energy sources. We should encourage people to use public transportation and promote the use of bicycles to reduce air pollution. We should also impose strict laws and regulations to control industrial waste and chemical discharge.
It is our responsibility to protect the environment for our future generations. Let us all work together to make our planet a better place to live.
Sincerely,
[Your Name]
6. Compared to online teaching and learning, students learn much better with their physical presence in the classroom. To what extent do you agree with this statement? Write an essay in about 300 words expressing your opinion. 10
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many educational institutions to adopt online teaching and learning methods. While online education has enabled continuity of learning, it has also sparked debates about its effectiveness compared to traditional classroom learning. Some argue that physical presence in the classroom is crucial for effective learning, while others believe that online education has its advantages. In my opinion, while physical presence in the classroom is beneficial, online learning can also be effective when used correctly.
The classroom environment provides a structured and focused atmosphere that is conducive to learning. Students have face-to-face interactions with their teachers and peers, which can foster a sense of community and promote collaboration. Teachers can gauge student understanding and provide immediate feedback and support. In addition, classroom learning provides opportunities for hands-on learning and practical application of concepts. This can help students develop critical thinking skills and enhance their learning experience.
However, online learning can also be effective if used correctly. It provides students with flexibility and convenience, allowing them to learn at their own pace and on their own schedule. Online learning can also facilitate global connections and diverse perspectives through virtual classrooms and discussions. Additionally, online resources such as videos and interactive modules can enhance student engagement and understanding.
Overall, while physical presence in the classroom has its benefits, online learning can also be effective when used correctly. It is important to note that both methods of learning have their challenges, and it is up to teachers and institutions to ensure that students receive a quality education regardless of the method used. Therefore, a combination of traditional classroom learning and online learning can provide students with a well-rounded education that meets their individual needs and preferences.
In conclusion, while physical presence in the classroom is beneficial, online learning can also be effective when used correctly. It is important to recognize the advantages and limitations of both methods of learning and to use them in a way that maximizes student learning and engagement. Ultimately, the key to successful education is ensuring that students receive the support, resources, and guidance they need to achieve their academic goals.
7. Do as indicated in the brackets and rewrite the sentences. 10x1=10
a) The cool breeze blew..... On her face. (Complete the sentence with an appropriate adverb.)
= The cool breeze blew gently on her face
b) All the celebrations and parties were called..... Because of the tragic accident. (Put the correct preposition in the blank.)
= All the celebrations and parties were called off because of the tragic accident.
c) The food is really good at that restaurant. They....... (Will/can/must/should) Have a great chef. (Choose the correct option from the bracket to complete the sentence.)
= The food is really good at that restaurant. They must have a great chef.
d) The master along with his three servants. (is/am/are) going to the court. (Choose the correct verb from the bracket to complete the sentence.)
= The master along with his three servants is going to the court.
e) His company is greatly......... after. (Complete the sentence using the correct form of the verb 'seek'.)
= His company is greatly sought after.
f) We look forward to........... (Hear/hearing) from you soon. (Choose the correct option from the bracket to complete the sentence.)
= We look forward to hearing from you soon.
g).......... he is rich, he is always dressed in rags (Put correct conjunction in the blank to complete the sentence.)
= Although he is rich, he is always dressed in rags.
h) He is the ma... (Who/whom/whose) son plays football for Three Star Club. (Choose the correct option from the bracket to complete the sentence.)
= He is the man whose son plays football for Three Star Club.
i) I want my students to respect me. (Change into passive.)
=I want to be respected by my students.
j) Did you hear me? (Report this with the reporting clause: She asked……..)
=She asked if I had heard her.
8 Choose and copy the correct answer. 5x1=5
a. Which of the following words has a different final sound?
(i) Cats
(iii) Girls
(iv) Houses
(ii) Boys
= (iii) Girls
b.The initial sound in the word 'maple' is transcribed as
(i) /n/
(ii) /m/
(iii) /p/
(iv) /s/
= /m/
c) Prices seem to........ every year.
i) raise
ii) rise
iii) raised
iv) rose
= rise
d. The word 'attire' means.......
(i) Extremely good
(ii) Clothes, especially fine or formal ones,
(iii) Thin and easily torn
(iv) clear,
= Clothes, especially fine or formal ones.
e. My car... while I was driving.
(i) broke up
(ii) broke down
(Iii) broke off
(iv) broke in
= broke down
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