Chapter 5 Civil Peace

 

Chapter 5 Civil Peace

Class 11 English 

Exercise 

Chinua Achebe 

Main Summary 

This story is about a Nigerian family who lived in Enugu a place in
Eastern Nigeria. This family has faced and experienced the
devastating Nigerian civil war. The protagonist Jonathan Iwegbu
was able to keep his bicycle which he turned into a taxi to make
money. In two weeks he makes 150 pounds. Jonathan then travels
to Enugu to search for his home, and to his surprise, it’s still
standing when other structures around it are demolished. The
house needs some repairs, so he gathered all the materials and
hired a carpenter to make it look like a home again. He then moves
to his house with his family back in. The entire family works hard to
earn money and rebuild their lives. The children pick the mango
and sell them to the soldier’s wife while Maria makes Akara balls to
sell to their neighbors. After finding that his job as a miner is not a
possibility, he decides to run a bar for soldiers out of his house.

 Jonathan gets an egg rasher for turning in rebel currency to the
treasury and gave him 20 pounds. The next night, a large group of
robbers shows up at his house demanding 1000 pounds. Jonathan
and his family were in terror. They called out for help from the
police and the neighbour but no one comes there to help. At last,
Jonathan informed them that he did not have 100 and swore about
having the total amount of 20 pounds in his house. 

The thieves
agreed to accept the same money.
The next morning the neighbours came over to show sympathy but
Jonathan and his family weren’t at home. they were at their days
work. Life goes as usual for Jonathan because Nothing Puzzles God
meaning that robbery has a great meaning in God’s eyes.

 Exercise:

Questions and
Answers Solutions 

Understanding the text
Answer the following questions. 

a. Why did Jonathan think of himself as ‘extraordinarily lucky’? 

Answer: Jonathan thought of himself as ‘extraordinarily lucky’
because he had survived the Civil War along with his wife and
children. 

b. What are the ‘five blessings’ for which Jonathan is grateful? 

Answer: The ‘five blessings’ for which Jonathan is grateful are his
head, his wife Maria’s head, and the heads of three out of their four
children. That means he is grateful for the survival of five family
members. 

c. Why did Jonathan mistrust the officer who wanted to take his
bicycle? What does this tell you about the situation in Nigeria? 

Answer: Jonathan mistrusted the officer who wanted to take his
bicycle because the officer easily accepted bribe exchange of his
bicycle. This tells us that the situation of Nigeria was so much
worse as the government officers were corrupted and used to take
bribes from the citizens. 

d. What visitors might be at the door? Are Jonathan and his wife
completely surprised? Explain. 

Answer: The visitors who knock at the door of Jonathan’s house
might be the thieves. Jonathan and his wife are completely shocked
due to fear as it was midnight and the thieves are knocking at the
door violently. 

e. Why does no one in the neighborhood respond when the thieves
pound on Jonathan’s door? Why do the thieves call for the police? 

Answer: No one in the neighborhood responds when the thieves
pound on Jonathan’s door because they are scared of the thieves.
The thieves called for the police because they knew very well that
no one will come to support Jonathan’s family.

Reference to the context 

a. What does Jonathan mean by his expression “Nothing puzzles
God”? What does this expression reveal about his character?
Explain by citing details from the story. 

Answer: In the story “Civil Peace”, Jonathan uses this expression
“Nothing puzzles God” every time when something miraculous
happens with him. He uses this line when he gets his bicycle back
in fine condition out of the ground. Next, he uses it when he finds
his house is still standing after the war. By “Nothing puzzles God”
he means that anything can happen, but Almighty God, being
omniscient, is not surprised and puzzled by anything which means
that God knows each and every thing. The last time he uses it at the
end of the story after his family is robbed of the exgratia. This
expression reveals that he is quite optimistic person who has been
believing in God. He feels too delighted to get miracles in his life.
This expression also reveals that he is a good person who enjoys
everything he has but never laments on his loses. Therefore, his
character was optimistic, hopeful and religious. 

Or, 

He uses the expression “Nothing Puzzles God” every time when
something miraculous happens to him. He means to relay that God
knows everything but presents in puzzling form. This expression
reveals his optimistic character. He is overjoyed to be receiving
miracles one after another in his life. He is a good person who does
not tolerate wrongdoing. He is a sharp individual who has a strong
faith in God. He and his family believe that adversity is the only way
to return to a normal life. He has no remorse for his loss. 

b. How does Jonathan change as he experiences the conflicts in his
life? Explain.

 Answer: Jonathan is a hardworking person who believes in his hard
labour as well as god the most. He is quite optimistic person who
never loses his hope. He has experienced many conflicts in his life.
He has lost his child during the war but he believes himself lucky to get 5 inestimable blessings. Jonathan keeps on doing his hard
labour for the sake and welfare of his family keeping faith or
believes in God. He changes according to the demands of the time
and his own family needs. 

c. Read the extract and answer the questions below. 

“To God who made me; if you come inside and find one hundred
pounds, take it and shoot me and shoot my wife and children. I
swear to God. The only money I have in this life is this twenty
pounds egg-rasher they gave me today …”

 i. Who is the speaker? 

Answer: Jonathan is the speaker. 

ii. Who is the speaker talking to? 

Answer: The speaker is talking to the thieves or robbers. 

iii. Who does “they” refer to? 

Answer: “They” refers to the officials of the treasury i.e. the
government. 

d. Nigerian English has words like soja ‘soldier’ and katakata
‘confusion’, ‘trouble’ derived apparently from English words but
transformed by native languages’ phonologies. What does the
author’s use of dialect here add to the story? 

Answer: Nigerian English has words like Soja “soldier” and
katakata “confusion”, “trouble” delivered apparently from English
words but transformed by Native language phonologies. The author
added dialects here in the story because of the following reasons: 

• To focus on the native language 

• To promote the dialects 

• To know the status of living people in Nigeria 

• To promote the nationality 

e. Why do you think the thieves who come to rob Jonathan speak
English with a heavier African accent than Jonathan does? 

Answer: The thieves who come to rob Jonathan speak English with
a heavier African accent than Jonathan does to show that they were
white Americans so that no one could doubt on them and also to
prove their superiority.

f. The title of the story “Civil Peace” itself is ironical as there is little
to differentiate ‘civil peace’ from ‘civil war’. Do you think that the
title of this story is appropriate, or would “Civil War” have been a
better title? Explain. 

Answer: The title of the story “Civil Peace” is especially interesting
because it is used in an ironic sense. The story follows Jonathan
Iwegbu as he collects the fragments of his life after the end of the
Nigerian Civil War. The Nigerian Civil War, also known as the
Biafran War, was a protracted conflict that resulted because a
section of Nigeria attempted to secede and form its own country.
The war leaves a tremendous amount of destruction in its wake,
and Jonathan gathers up what he can to reestablish his life. The
title of the story is ironic because even though the war has come to
an end, the area is still chaotic and filled with strife. Indeed, a gang
of robbers use the term “civil peace” when they rob Iwegbu and his
family in the dead of night. Thus, Achebe uses the title ironically to
highlight the violence still present in a post-war Nigeria. 

Reference beyond the text 

a. How would you describe the civil peace in Nigeria? 

Answer: The condition of the Civil please in Nigeria wasn’t good.
After the war, the time of the civil peace was the time of the
resettlement. There was nothing new for the people. People had to
face various problems during that time. The government’s law
during that time was good. There were many risks in people’s life.
Thieves used to do loots and beat people without having any fear of
law. Though the Civil piece prevailed there, there was Anarchy
everywhere.
b. What kind of attitude towards life do you think you would have if
your situation was similar to that of Jonathan’s?
Answer: If my situation was similar to that of Jonathan’s, I would
have similar optimism about my life and my family. I would be
ready to face any challenges so as to protect my family as like
Jonathan did. I would try to do hard labour keeping faith in God for
the welfare of my relatives. I would try to be quite away from
violence. Hence I think that I would have positive, optimist and energetic attitude towards life if my situation was similar to that of
Jonathan’s.

c. Draw the character sketch of Jonathan Iwegbu. 

Answer: Jonathan Iwegbu- Jonathan is a round character. His main
trait is optimism, however some of his smaller traits are,
peacefulness, persuasiveness, and calmness. He is a static
character; he stays the same through the whole story. He does not
waste his time to look back on the things that have troubled him in
the past, he keeps calm and carries on with his life and deals with
whatever happens next. 

His optimism is shown with every main
event in the story.
First off, the war has ended. He is happy to come out of it alive with
his wife, his bike, and three out of four of his children; one child
has died. The fact that his child has died does not seem to trouble
him on the outside. It probably does on the inside, however, he
does not let it get to him. He stops thinking about it and instead of
being upset because of the death of his child, he is happy for
everyone that has survived. 

Also, he refers to his bike as a taxi
once, which shows more optimism.
When he gets to his old house it is broken down. He is calm and
gathers up some materials to fix it instead of getting mad over it.
His old job as a minor isn’t available anymore, so he starts a new
job of his own and opens up a bar.
Thieves come to his house and try to rob him of money. He tries to
find the most peaceful way out of it. After paying all the money he
had he once again, he remains calm and carries on.